By constructing a mesh from data points, you can apply the Gradient of Unstructured Data set filter. There are several filters in ParaView to do this.
- Table To StructuredGrid
- Delaunay 2D / 3D
- Resample To Image
- Point Plane Interpolator
- Point Volume Interpolator
…
You will need to select the filter that best fits the characteristics of your point data.