I have found that there is a problem with compilation of ParaView 5.6.1 superbuild’s embree library
for older Linux systems. The embree library seems to be calling avx instructions that are not present
in these older systems. The superbuild for ParaView 5.6.0’s embree version did not have this problem.
I have narrowed the issue down to the Superbuild_5.6.1/projects/embree.cmake file and I have found that
using the version from 5.6.0 instead fixes the issue. The problem has occurred with an Intel Xeon X5550 and an AMD Opteron 8378, but I expect that it will occur on many other older processors as well that lack AVX support. I have also verified that the binary for ParaView 5.6.1 (Linux) on Kitware’s website also has this issue present in it.
It seems that OSPRay needs AVX-minimum embree, so the way to do it on older CPUs is to disable OSPRay completely in the superbuild. (Based on information from @chuckatkins)