After you run the table-to-points filter, you can use the array calculator to compute new point coordinates that are the logarithm of the input coordinates. The formula you enter in the calculator would look like
if you want the base-10 logarithm. If you want base \log_n(x), remember that \log_n(x) = \frac{\log(x)}{\log(n)}. Make sure you check the “Coordinate Results” button on the calculator filter. Then apply the rest of the filters mentioned in the post you linked to.